Road safety is highly affected by weather and surface conditions. Rain, snow, ice, fog, dust storms, and hail can make roads slippery and dangerous. Traditional traffic systems react slowly to these changes. This is where AI-based road-weather and surface condition monitoring plays a very important role in making roads safer and smarter. AI-powered systems use sensors, cameras, IoT devices, and weather data to continuously monitor road conditions in real time. These systems can detect whether the road surface is wet, icy, snowy, or has low friction. By analyzing temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, and surface grip, AI can accurately predict risky conditions before accidents happen. One major advantage of this technology is dynamic speed limit control. When AI detects heavy rain, snowfall, or ice formation, the system automatically reduces speed limits on digital signboards. This helps drivers slow down in dangerous conditions, reducing the chances of skidding and collisions. Once the weather improves, speed limits return to normal without human intervention.